On day four of our Jungle Trail Trekking, we got up at 3:30am and by 3:40am, the group was ready to go at the lobby of our hotel at Aguas Calientes. We walked in the dark out of town, took the bridge on our left and headed out to the road that lead to Machupicchu. The buses take that road, but the first one only leaves at 5:30am, too late to get one of the 400 tickets allowed into Huaynapicchu. Of course everyone in my group wanted to hike Huaynapicchu in addition to visiting Machupicchu, so we had to leave earlier and walk our way up.
But we didn't take the road. Instead, we took a shortcut, stairs up through the road, on a vertical angle, straight up, for one hour and twenty minutes. At least this is the time it took me. Most people in my group did it in less time than that. Although it was still before dawn, my shirt was so drenched with sweat that I could squeeze it. My heart pounded to scary fast beats and I cursed myself for the beer and lime Vodka I had the night before. I also did not have any water on me. I was never this unprepared for the road...
When I got there, I joined my group in line to get in. It was 5:20am and we still had more than half an hour before the park opened. We all got tickets to Huaynapicchu, another one and a half hours of vertical climb up the mountain. Most of us stayed for the tour of Machupicchu with a guide assigned to us, and then headed out to Huaynapicchu.
But before I had to get something to drink to hydrate myself from all the salts I lost in the morning. Gatorate at the restaurant was US$5, quite a lot compared to the already inflated price of US$2 at Aguas Calientes. Water was a better deal at US$3.50 for a tiny bottle. I had to pay for being unprepared. It is always possible to get drinks from locals selling them everywhere on the road and trekking in Peru, so I thought it would not be any problem finding it everywhere. But this is Machupicchu, so it was controlled by licensed franchise.
Although I had been wanting to go to Peru and Machupicchu since my early twenties, as I entered its main door, I realized I never really read about the history of the place. I vaguely thought of it as a lost Inca Empire, complete with administrative, religious people, and populated by common folks as well as leaders. But this is not the case – only the elite class was allowed to live in the place.
Machupicchu (old mountain) was built by the Inca Pachacutec, the greatest statesman in Tahuantinsuyo, who governed from 1438 to 1471. During the Inca empire, Machupicchu was used as a ceremonial site, used by royals as a retreat and sanctuary. Only an estimated 1,000 or so people actually lived there at any given time, including royals, priests, and workers who probably had separate quarters. Virgin woman and llamas were used as sacrifice.
Machupicchu contained about 200 building, including storage buildings, temples, houses and observatories. The temples were build in such a way that they could observe the movement of the sun. The place was also strategic to observe the stars. It covered about half a square mile. Three areas were created for agriculture, urban living, and religious purposes. The buildings were created without mortar. The stones are locked together so well that even thin knife blades can not fit between them. It was terraced for agriculture, with crops grown at different elevations.
Machupicchu was mysteriously abandoned only about 100 years after it was built, and by the time of the Spanish conquest of Cuzco in 1534, the site was largely abandoned and thus drew little attention from the Spaniards. The roads then became overgrown as did the buildings, and the entire site was lost to the world for four centuries.
The explanations are many, but it may simply be explained by the death of Pachacutec and the construction of a new 'royal estate' for the next Inca, as was the custom. Other scholars suggest that the city's water supply may have dried up. By the way, I was impressed to see water collected in carefully designed canal, carved for 5 kilometers from its source in the mountains to the citadel. As I entered Machupicchu, I was also surprised by the lack of artifacts. Abandoned for four centuries, Hiram Bingham, a doctor in philosophy and history at Yale University, discovered it in the early 1900's. All of the artifacts found on site at the time were transferred to a museum at Yale. As per
agreement reached recently between the Peruvian and American government, they will be returned to the Peruvian government.
The hike up Huaynapicchu (young mountain) was hard, but rewarding. We saw Machupicchu from up there, and enjoyed the cool fresh air, views of the mountains, and the bridge we crossed from Aguas Calientes. The Incas chose the spot for Machupicchu really well. Surrounded by mountains, with access to water, lush jungle and river right below, with very few points of entry, allowed privacy and security. The energy of the place is very intense and peaceful. Hiro, a Japanese fellow hiker kept saying he didn't want to leave and I understood.
At the end of the day we were exhausted. The train from Aguas Calientes to Ollantaytambo was at 6pm and we were picked up there at 8pm. We didn't arrive in Cuzco until almost 10pm. After a long shower, I slept like an angel.